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Anthrax is a zoonotic infectious disease that can be
transmitted to humans from infected animals, especially
cattle and sheep; in the US, the biggest concern for anthrax
is its potential use as a bioterrorism agent.
Brucellosis is a zoonotic infectious disease that can
cause a fever that rises and falls in waves.
Ehrlichiosis is a tick-borne zoonotic disease; there
are three main types of ehrlichiosis in humans.
Leptospirosis is a zoonotic infectious disease frequently
associated with water that has been contaminated with
the urine of infected animals. If left untreated, the
disease can result in kidney damage and liver failure
in humans.
Lyme disease is a vector-borne zoonotic disease transmitted
to humans by the black-legged deer tick.
Person-to-person
transmission
The transmission of a disease from
one person to another, frequently through aerosol (example:
coughing) or by direct contact (touching)
Plague is an ancient infectious disease, that can be
transmitted to humans through the bite of an infected
rat flea; once humans become infected, person-to-person
transmission can also occur.
Psittacosis is a zoonotic infectious disease that can
be transmitted to humans from infected birds.
Q fever is a zoonotic infectious disease that can naturally
be transmitted to humans mainly from infected cattle,
sheep, or goat; Q fever is also considered a potential
agent of bioterrorism.
Rabies
Rabies is a viral disease of mammals that is most often transmitted
through the bite of a rabid animal. The virus attacks the nervous
system and affects the brain and spinal cord of humans and animals.
Reptile-Associated Salmonellosis
Healthy reptiles can harbor Salmonella bacteria, and
people who handle reptiles may be at risk for this infection.
Reservoir (of an infectious
agent)
Any person, plant, animal, insect, soil,
or substance (such as water), or any combination of these,
in which an infectious agent usually lives and multiplies,
or which it depends primarily for survival
Despite its name, Rocky Mountain Spotted Fever occurs
in Maryland; if untreated in humans. This tick-borne disease
can be associated with a high death rate.
Serovar
A subdivision
of a species that is different from other strains.
Spore (bacterial)
A dormant state of a bacterium that, given the appropriate
stimulation, can develop into a reproductively active
(and potentially disease-causing) state
Tularemia is a zoonotic infectious disease frequently
associated with wild rabbits and hares; the disease can
cause serious illness in humans. Tularemia has also been
investigated for its potential use as a bioterrorism agent.
Vector-borne disease
A disease that can be transmitted to humans via the bite
of infected insects, such as mosquitoes and ticks
West Nile Virus
West Nile virus (WNV) is a virus that is transmitted
by mosquitoes that affects the
nervous system.
Zoonotic disease (also
called a zoonosis)
A disease primarily of animals that
can be transmitted to (and cause disease in) humans
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